Outcomes – CFA

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Outcomes

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Within this page we will share the impactful work and insights generated by the Climate Finance Academy researchers.

Here, you’ll find a collection of papers and models crafted by our experts at the forefront of climate finance. Delve into cutting-edge research that showcases innovative solutions, explores emerging trends, and addresses the intersection of climate and finance.

Our commitment to advancing knowledge and fostering sustainability is reflected in these outcomes, providing valuable resources on the topics of climate finance.

Models

The Real Estate Asset Climate Testing (REACT) Tool

The Real Estate Asset Climate Testing (REACT) tool empowers investors in real estate in understanding and evaluating flood risk in their portfolios.

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Nature-Capital Dependency and Pressure Dashboard

Explore country-level natural-capital dependency and environmental pressure profiles across economic sectors. The dashboard shows how economic activities depend on ecosystem services, such as water supply, soil quality, climate regulation, pollination, and flood protection, and how they contribute to environmental pressures on nature, such as land-use change, water use, pollution, and other ecosystem pressures.

The tool allows users to compare countries, sectors, ecosystem services, and pressure categories, and to view results as both absolute indicator values and proportional country profiles. It is designed to support nature-related assessment, reporting, and decision-making, including approaches aligned with TNFD-style analysis of dependencies, impacts, risks, and opportunities.

A geographic supply-chain component is currently being developed and will allow users to explore where dependencies and pressures occur across countries, regions, and supply-chain tiers.

Explore the dashboard

Publications

Climate Risk Assessments for the Financial Sector

Tesselar, M., Aerts, J., Botzen, W. (2024). The social security for climate change risks: Assessing policy trade-offs to future-proof flood insurance.

Zhou, F., Endendijk, T., Botzen, W.J.W. (2023). A review of the financial sector impacts of risks associated with climate change. Annual Review of Resource Economics, 15:1.

Tesselaar, M., Botzen, W.J.W., Tiggeloven, T. Aerts, J.C.J.H. (2023). Flood insurance is a driver of population growth in European floodplains. Nature Communications, 14(1): 7483.

Endendijk, T., Botzen, W.J.W., de Moel, H., Aerts, J.C.J.H., Duijndam, S.J., Slager, K., Kok, M. (2023). Flood vulnerability curves and household flood damage mitigation measures: An econometric analysis of survey data. Water Resources Research. 59(8): e2022WR034192.

Extreme Weather and Climate Change

Vautard, R., Cattiaux, J., Happé, T., Singh, J., Bonnet, R., Cassou, C., Coumou, D., Andrea, F.D., Faranda, D., Fischer, E., Ribes, A., Sippel, S., Yiou, P. (2023). Heat extremes in Western Europe increasing faster than simulated due to atmospheric circulation trends. Nature Communication, 14: 1–9.

Rousi, E., Kornhuber, K., Beobide-Arsuaga, G., Fei, L., Coumou, D. (2022). Accelerated western European heatwave trends linked to more-persistent double jets over Eurasia. Nature Communication, 13: 1–11.

Scholten, R.C., Coumou, D., Luo, F., Veraverbeke, S. (2022). Early snowmelt and polar jet dynamics co-influence recent extreme Siberian fire seasons. Science, 378Z: 1005–9.

Robinson, A., Lehmann, J., Barriopedro, D., Rahmstorf, S., Coumou, D. (2021). Increasing heat and rainfall extremes now far outside the historical climate. npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, 4: 3–6.

Kornhuber, K., Coumou, D,. Vogel, E., Lesk, C., Donges, J.F., Lehmann, J., Horton, R.M. (2019). Amplified Rossby waves enhance risk of concurrent heatwaves in major breadbasket regions. Nature Climate Change, 2–9.

Coumou, D., Lehmann, J., Beckmann, J. (2015). The weakening summer circulation in the Northern Hemisphere mid-latitudes. Science, 348: 324–7.

Sustainability of Investments

Blondeel, M., Van Doorslaer, H., Vermeiren, M. (2024). Walking a thin line: A reputational account of green central banking. Environmental Politics

IJzereef, T., van Beukering, P., Botzen, W.J.W. (2023). The Sustainable Catch-22: An assessment of sustainability in the Dutch pension sector. Cleaner Production Letters, 4: 100030.

Janssen, A., Botzen, W., Dijk, J., Duijm, P. (2022). Overcoming misleading carbon footprints in the financial sector. Climate Policy, 6(22): 817-822.

Climate Change Adaptation and Financial Compensation for Climate Risk

Endendijk, T., Botzen, W.J.W., de Moel, H., Aerts, J.C.J.H., Duijndam, S.J., Slager, K., Kolen, B., Kok, M. (2023). Experience from the 2021 floods in the Netherlands: Household survey results on impacts and responses. Journal of Coastal and Riverine Flood Risk, 2(9): 1-27.

De Ruig, L., Haer, T., De Moel, H., Orton, P., Botzen, W.J.W., Aerts, J.C.J.H. (2023). An agent-based model for evaluating reforms of the National Flood Insurance Program: A benchmarked model applied to Jamaica Bay, NYC. Risk Analysis, 43(2): 405-422.

De Ruig, L.T., Haer, T., de Moel, H., Brody, S.M., Botzen, W.J.W., Czajkowski, J., Aerts, J.C.J.H. (2022). Climate proofing the National Flood Insurance Program. Nature Climate Change, 12: 975–976.

De Ruig, L.T., Haer, T., de Moel, H., Brody, S.M., Botzen, W.J.W., Czajkowski, J., Aerts, J.C.J.H. (2022). How the U.S. can benefit from risk-based premiums combined with flood protection. Nature Climate Change, 12: 995–998.

Consumer Behaviour

Rufat, S., Robinson, P.J., Botzen, W.J.W. (2024). Insights into the complementarity of natural disaster insurance purchases and risk reduction behaviour. Risk Analysis, 44(1): 141-154.

Tesselaar, M., Botzen, W.J.W., Robinson, P.J., Aerts, J.C.J.H., Zhou, F. (2022). Charity hazard and the flood insurance protection gap: an EU scale assessment under climate change. Ecological Economics, 193: 107289.

Robinson, P., Botzen, W.J.W., Kunreuther, H., Chaudhry, S. (2021). Default options and insurance demand. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 183: 39-56.

Robinson, P., Botzen, W.J.W., Zhou, F. (2021). A theoretical and experimental study of charity hazard: The effect of risky and uncertain government compensation on flood insurance demand. Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 63(3): 275–318.

Nature Based Solutions for Climate Risk

De Vries, S.P., Garcia Alvarez, G., Botzen, W.J.W., Bockarjova, M. (2023). Valuing urban nature through life satisfaction: The consistency of GIS and survey indicators of nature. Resource and Energy Economics, 75: 101406.

Bockarjova, M., Botzen, W.J.W., Bulkeley, H.A., Toxopeus, H. (2022). Estimating the social value of nature based solutions in European cities. Scientific Reports, 12: 19833.

Want to learn more about ongoing projects and our Team?

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the network or use the button below

Ongoing projects

Questions?

Contact cfa@vu.nl to get more information about
the network or use the button below

What to learn more about ongoing projects and our Team?

Contact cfa@vu.nl to get more information about
the network or use the button below

Ongoing projects

Questions?

Contact cfa@vu.nl to get more information about
the network or use the button below